Salam, everybody...today we will discuss again about social obstacles in development especially about corruption and traditional values and belief…such a nice issues that can be discussed. Here, we also provide the current issues to show you why this problem happens.
1) Corruption – In our opinion, corruption also is one of the obstacles that bring disastrous effect to development. Some of the country has their own culture where the corruption is normal practice and quite necessary for them. As in Africa, it has the potential to develop but the major problem is corruption. We can see it through the distinguished representative of the African Union had pointed out that the Millennium Development Goals are not being achieved because of the failure by many states to honor their commitments to provide adequate funding, while more that 1 billion people continue to live on less that a dollar a day. This is true!!....But according to reports we have seen, over a 30 year period, the leaders of one African country alone misappropriated some 300 billion dollars of their nation’s wealth; money which, had it been applied to human development programs would have gone far towards lifting the entire country out of poverty. This is because they think that corruption is a human rights issue, and unless certain national leaders begin to understand that their first responsibility is to their people and not to themselves. So, it is hard to see how any of the Millennium Development Goals can be achieved. Besides that, we can see in the Africa concept of appreciation and hospitality, a gift is a token. It is not demanded. The value is in the spirit of the giving, not the material worth. The gift is made in the open for all to see, never in secret. Where the gift is excessive, it becomes an embarrassment, and is returned. If anything, corruption has perverted the positive aspects of this age-old tradition'. For them, corruption is intrinsically linked to underdevelopment. As long as a person's normal income does not provide him with a decent living, the door will always be open to bribes.
2) Traditional values and beliefs- Some of the countries are having problem to foster their country's development when they are having problems with values and beliefs. The traditional values and beliefs also will hinder the development process. There is just one thing that we can say about traditional values and belief. If most of the people of the country are bounded to the traditional values and belief in the country, the harder it will be for them to cope with the needs to improve or develop because there will be some condition that require them to change their attitudes and mind-sets and they could do so because of that resistance. As we kow, Pakistan is the one country that bounded to the traditional values and beliefs. There are more than 1,900 registered all-female madrases in the country, around 15% of the total, that are experiencing a boom thanks to the failures of the Pakistani education system and an increasing appetite for traditional Islamic values among the lower middle classes. Nowadays, the new-age Islamic religious schools for girls are becoming hugely popular in Pakistan now. Female madrases in Pakistan are expanding at a dramatic rate, educating almost a quarter of a million young women and providing more than half of the candidates sitting graduate-level exams every year. There is an emergence of a very conservative value system. Madrases promote traditional roles for women and students feel confident about their position in society. You cannot associate this phenomena with poverty. The female madrases provide a lens to study the uncertain interface between traditional values and beliefs and global influences that often results in further radicalization of the traditional beliefs.
In a nutshell, we may say that we have to take more efforts to overcome the problem of corruption and traditional values and beliefs that become the major obstacles of development. We believe that the effectiveness of the government can be achieved without the existence of corruption and traditional values and beliefs. That’s all.....thank you.
Manager: Norzuriana binti Muhammad Nor
Saturday, September 4, 2010
Friday, September 3, 2010
economic obstacles
In developing the country, there might be some resistance that hinder the development to foster. here, we are going to discuss two problems in terms of economy.
1)NATURAL RESOURCES- some of the countries are having problem to foster their country's development when they are lacking of the resources like land. Land is the most important element that a country has. With lesser lands, there will be significant fall in cultivation activities which are the main source of income for poor countries such as India. Even though, they have been criticized for encouraging sugar cane and oil seeds instead of rice, wheat and cotton which have more comparative advantages.Also the farmers could not reap the benefits from the farming activities because of the lands that have been fragmented either through force by government to ensure fairness of the society or pass on from one generation to another like in Zimbabwe, large-scale has nearly collapsed of the last nine years under the government's controversial land reforms.On the other hand, Singapore need to focus on maximizing the level of technology,manufacturing especially since they have lesser lands. They have to build taller buildings as to maximize the place for living for their citizens. Other than having inadequate resources, untapped resources is another problem in the economics. most of the poor countries have the natural resources. Lacking R&D is the most possible reason why the resources are not fully discovered as in Zimbabwe also. No commercial deposits of petroleum have been discovered, although the country is richly endowed with coal-bed methane gas that has yet to be exploited. With the inefficiently managed the resources, it will also hinder the economic development. Many poor countries might be inefficient in production and allocation. we take back Zimbabwe as the example. it has corn as the largest food crop but since the government has management that has exacerbated meager corn harvests in years of drought or floods, resulting in significant food shortfalls every year since 2001.
2) LACK OF INVESTMENT- Generally, there are two ways for a country to generate fund. it comes from foreign loans and foreign private investment. however, these two ways have their own problem for funding those countries especially less developed countries (LDCs). Through foreign loans, for financing LDCs, the flow of capital comes from individual national government, multinational assistance organizations and multinational companies. the individual national government usually give financial assistance to LDC's mainly for their own economic and political interest. As long as the developing countries are protecting the interest of the donor countries, the flow of capital counties. it normally will be stopped or slow down when the recipient country is no longer benefit to them. As America has stopped from financial assisting Pakistan after Afghan War was over. That is why developing country cannot be dependent too much on foreign aid. sometimes, to get foreign aid, the developing countries need to accept unnecessary requirements from the donor countries. that also contribute to undeveloped economic developments. the multinational assistance organizations also did quite similar action to poor countries like World Bank and International Monetary Fund(IMF). These organizations are mostly funded by developed countries which literally do it for the sake of their economic and political interests. All developing countries including Pakistan are now knee deep in the debts of these organizations. as explained earlier the problem occurs will affect economic growth of poor countries including the problem of debt servicing and rescheduling. from multinational companies, they usually search for country which has transportation, power, cheap force labor and raw material. so, generally these companies do not help much in establishing development in developing countries' economy. therefore, the problem of lack of proper investment remains in developing countries.
Manager: Nur Atiqah Bt Mohd Nasri
1)NATURAL RESOURCES- some of the countries are having problem to foster their country's development when they are lacking of the resources like land. Land is the most important element that a country has. With lesser lands, there will be significant fall in cultivation activities which are the main source of income for poor countries such as India. Even though, they have been criticized for encouraging sugar cane and oil seeds instead of rice, wheat and cotton which have more comparative advantages.Also the farmers could not reap the benefits from the farming activities because of the lands that have been fragmented either through force by government to ensure fairness of the society or pass on from one generation to another like in Zimbabwe, large-scale has nearly collapsed of the last nine years under the government's controversial land reforms.On the other hand, Singapore need to focus on maximizing the level of technology,manufacturing especially since they have lesser lands. They have to build taller buildings as to maximize the place for living for their citizens. Other than having inadequate resources, untapped resources is another problem in the economics. most of the poor countries have the natural resources. Lacking R&D is the most possible reason why the resources are not fully discovered as in Zimbabwe also. No commercial deposits of petroleum have been discovered, although the country is richly endowed with coal-bed methane gas that has yet to be exploited. With the inefficiently managed the resources, it will also hinder the economic development. Many poor countries might be inefficient in production and allocation. we take back Zimbabwe as the example. it has corn as the largest food crop but since the government has management that has exacerbated meager corn harvests in years of drought or floods, resulting in significant food shortfalls every year since 2001.
2) LACK OF INVESTMENT- Generally, there are two ways for a country to generate fund. it comes from foreign loans and foreign private investment. however, these two ways have their own problem for funding those countries especially less developed countries (LDCs). Through foreign loans, for financing LDCs, the flow of capital comes from individual national government, multinational assistance organizations and multinational companies. the individual national government usually give financial assistance to LDC's mainly for their own economic and political interest. As long as the developing countries are protecting the interest of the donor countries, the flow of capital counties. it normally will be stopped or slow down when the recipient country is no longer benefit to them. As America has stopped from financial assisting Pakistan after Afghan War was over. That is why developing country cannot be dependent too much on foreign aid. sometimes, to get foreign aid, the developing countries need to accept unnecessary requirements from the donor countries. that also contribute to undeveloped economic developments. the multinational assistance organizations also did quite similar action to poor countries like World Bank and International Monetary Fund(IMF). These organizations are mostly funded by developed countries which literally do it for the sake of their economic and political interests. All developing countries including Pakistan are now knee deep in the debts of these organizations. as explained earlier the problem occurs will affect economic growth of poor countries including the problem of debt servicing and rescheduling. from multinational companies, they usually search for country which has transportation, power, cheap force labor and raw material. so, generally these companies do not help much in establishing development in developing countries' economy. therefore, the problem of lack of proper investment remains in developing countries.
Manager: Nur Atiqah Bt Mohd Nasri
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)